花钱,以其形制类古钱,性质非流通币而得名,是早期民间自娱自乐的一种玩钱。
花钱作为古钱币的一个分支,按其用途大致可分为古钱宫钱类、吉语类、宗教类、游戏类、特殊用途类等五大类,可作为厌胜(厌伏其人,咒诅取胜),佩饰,玩赏,游戏,撒帐,洗儿,吉庆,卜卦,殉葬,赏赐,凭信,镇库,纪念,祝寿,挂灯,上梁,系包裹,镇水等方面,起到辟邪、祈福、镇宅的作用。
山鬼,即山神,因未获天帝正式册封到正神之列,所以被称为山鬼。自古以来,山鬼都是以正义、高大的形象存在,以山鬼纹饰、铭文的各种器物也多被人们赋予护佑和辟邪的作用,其中的山鬼花钱,以其小巧轻便、易于佩戴的特点,成为人们最喜闻乐见的一种配饰。
山鬼花钱,始铸于元末明初,清代铸行极盛,民间行用甚广。是清代道士用来施法以降妖震鬼驱邪的载体,也可叫法器。经道士开光后,百姓请回挂于家中镇宅或随身携带保平安。
山鬼花钱
清代镇宅之宝山鬼花钱(如图),呈葫芦形。一本万利,顺风大吉,背面为“雷霆雷霆,杀鬼降精,斩妖辟邪,永保神清,奉太上老君急急如律令敕。雷令山鬼”的符咒,钱币中央有一圆形孔。此枚钱币制作精美,造型独特,实为花钱中的精品。此钱挂在大门上,以此作为镇宅、驱邪、避凶之用。
这一面是八卦纹,以及对应的八卦中“乾、坤、离、坎、震、巽、艮、其岁月痕迹明显。
虽然花钱无论从形制、来源、工艺等与古钱有着惊人的相似,但因它的不流通性,故制造花钱的材质没有太高的要求,一般都比较粗糙。也正因如此,花钱中的字文图案才呈现了千姿百态的姿容。花钱中丰富的内容,融合了各朝各代的民俗民风。
说到钱币的历史,公认是由玉璧发展而来的,在没有铜币值钱就是用玉璧来做交易的,而古人认为天是圆的地是方的,所以制作了外圆内圆的玉璧用来礼天,这枚钱币就是一枚少有的玉璧型的钱币,钱币外圆内圆形式玉璧,这枚钱币既有历史研究价值,也可以驱邪避恶,保平安,具有极高的收藏价值。
袁大头是时期主要流通货币之一,“袁大头”是对袁世凯像系列硬币的口语俗称,严谨点说叫“袁世凯像背嘉禾银币”。北洋政府为了整顿币制,划一银币,于三年(1914年)二月,颁布《国币条例》十三条,决定实行银本位制度。《国币条例》规定:“以库平纯银六钱四分八厘为价格之单位,定名为圆”,“一圆银币,总重七钱二分,银八九,铜一一”,“一圆银币用数无限制”,即以一圆银币为无限法偿的本位贷币。根据这一规定,于1914年12月及1915年2月, 先后由造币总厂及江南造币厂开铸一圆银币,币面镌刻袁世凯头像,俗称“袁头币”或“袁大头”。
清朝灭亡之后,1912年4月袁世凯出任大总统。北洋政府鉴于当时铸币、纸币十分复杂,流通的中外货币在百种以上,规格不一,流通混乱,折算繁琐,民众积怨,同时也想借助货币改制以解决军费问题,便决定铸发国币。袁世凯为了提高自己的统治地位,把他的头像铸于币面,“袁大头”由此而来。
八年袁大头银币
袁大头中的极品八年袁大头,这一年的袁大头发行量最少,属于袁大头中的稀有钱包,我们可以看到袁大头人像胸前与内齿接触的地方是少一个内齿的,这也是内行人鉴定钱币真假重要的一点,这枚钱币整圈就少这一个内齿,当时的目的就为了来防伪的,而后期仿制的钱币是没有注意到这个细节的.
背嘉禾二本,左右交互,下系结带,中铸“壹圆”二字。这些年,在银元收藏界,有一个名字,始终不乏耳闻,那就是“袁大头”,特别是这几年,随着金银价格走强以及市场的火爆,许多老银元的市场价格都有了多倍的涨幅,其中部分版本特殊,品相良好,存世稀少的珍品,更是不可估量。
嘉禾”,美禾,茁壮之禾,硕大之禾,祥瑞之禾也。东汉许慎《说文》云:“禾,嘉谷也。以二月而种,八月始熟,得时之中,故谓之禾。”王充《论衡·讲瑞篇》云:“嘉禾生于禾中,与禾中异穗,谓之嘉禾。”古人多以“嘉禾”为祥瑞之物,与甘露醴泉并称。如班固《汉书·公孙弘传》云:“甘露降,风雨时,嘉禾兴。”也就是生长得特别茁壮的禾稻,古人视嘉禾图案为吉祥的象征。
银币压力:由于清朝自使用英国进口造币机器,压力高达五十吨,这个技术直到结束也未被超越,所以国内仿制银币多为图案模糊不清,内齿相连,并齿,所以很多专业的钱币收藏者,一看钱币说是压力不足,就变相的说是仿品,真品银币,图案清晰,无论是边齿,还是内次,都十分规整,且不会出现相连,并齿的情况,内齿长短一致,整齐划一,不会出现长短不一的情况,边齿也不会有斜齿,或者齿痕极浅的情况,因为仿币是用一种小型的设备,围着银币边缘,滚上一圈,我们称之为滚齿,很多阴阳齿等特殊齿轮是后滚出来的,在钱币边缘形成一圈滚痕,所以我们看钱币首要的就是看它的压力是否足够,线条是否清晰,没有瑕疵,多余的痕迹。
钱币收藏历来就讲究:藏‘绝’八年袁大头是整个袁大头系列里的一‘绝’其收藏价值极高,而且钱币第二侧重点就是看品相,这枚银币,包浆自然,整体规整,字体清晰,图案精美,无任何磕缺,变形,品相完美,此银币综合来看具有极高的收藏价值。
英文翻译:Money, named for its shape like ancient money and its nature as non-circulating currency, is a kind of play money in early folk entertainment.
Spending as a branch of ancient COINS, according to its USES can be roughly divided into ancient COINS palace money class, language, religion, games, special purpose and so on five big classes, can be used as anaerobic wins (anaerobic v is a curse to win), accessories, toy, game, then, wash, auspicious, divination, martyrdom, reward, by faith, and town library, memorial, birthday, hanging lamp, liang, package, Town water and other aspects, play the role of warding off evil spirits, praying for blessings, town house.
Mountain ghosts, or mountain gods, were called mountain ghosts because they had not been formally canonized by the Emperor of Heaven as one of the true gods. Since ancient times, mountain ghosts exist in the image of justice and tall, and all kinds of utensils decorated with mountain ghosts and inscriptions are also endowed with the role of protecting and warding off evil spirits. Among them, mountain ghosts spend money and become the most popular accessories for people because of their small, light and easy to wear.
The mountain ghost spent money, beginning to cast in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty cast line extremely prosperous, folk line widely used. It is a carrier used by Taoist priests in the Qing Dynasty to cast magic to bring down demons and shock ghosts to exorcise evil spirits, also known as magic instruments. After the Taoist priest illuminates the light, people please hang back in the home town house or take it with you to ensure safety.
My alter ego to spend money
Town house of the Qing Dynasty treasure mountain ghost money (figure), in the shape of a gourd. Yiwanli, good luck, on the back of the "thunder and thunder, kill ghosts drop essence, behead evil spirits, forever protect God Qing, serve too old Jun urgent as the law imperial decree. Lei Ling Mountain ghost "charm, the coin has a round hole in the center. This coin is exquisitely made and has a unique shape. It is actually a boutique in spending money. This money is hung on the gate, as the town house, exorcism, avoid evil use.
This side is the eight diagrams, and the corresponding eight diagrams in "Gan, kun, Li, Kan, earthquake, xun, Gen, its years traces are obvious.
Although money no matter from the shape, source, technology and ancient money has a surprising similarity, but because of its non-liquidity, so the material of manufacturing money is not too high requirements, generally relatively rough. It is also because of this, money in the word pattern to show the appearance of various states. Money in the rich content, the fusion of the folk customs of each dynasty and generation.
Said to the coin of history, is recognized by the developed jade, in the absence of copper coin is worth to do deals with jade, and the ancients think day is round the ground is square, so make the outside circle within a circle of jade to day, this coin is a rare piece of COINS, coin with outer circle within a circle form, this coin has both historical research value, can also be evil evil, Safe, with a high collection value.
In order to rectify the currency system, the Beiyang government drew a silver coin. In February of the third year of the Republic of China (1914), it promulgated the Article 13 of the National Currency Regulations and decided to implement the silver standard system. According to the Regulations on National Currency, "the unit of price of Kuping sterling silver is six cents, four cents and eight cents, and it is named as the circle", "A silver coin has a total weight of seven cents and two cents, eight cents and nine cents of silver and one copper", and "a silver coin can be used in unlimited quantities", that is, a silver coin is used as the standard loan currency for infinite compensation.
In view of the complexity of coinage and paper money at that time, with more than 100 kinds of Chinese and foreign currencies in circulation, different specifications, chaotic circulation, cumbersome conversion, and resentment among the public, the Beiyang government also wanted to solve the military expenditure problem by means of currency reform, so it decided to mint and issue national coins.
Yuan Datou silver coin in the eighth year of the Republic of China
Big head, big head in need eight years of the republic of China yuan yuan this bulk circulation of at least one year of yuan, belong to a rare wallet in the yuan big head, big head portrait chest and we can see that the yuan within the internal tooth contact is less a tooth, it is also a professional identification of true and false coin important, this coin, the less it inside a tooth, then came to the purpose of anti-counterfeiting, And the late imitation coin is not noticed this detail.
Back Jiahe two, left and right interaction, under the knot belt, cast "one circle" two words. Over the years, in the silver collection area, has a name, is not always hear, that is "big head" yuan, especially in recent years, as the gold and silver price strength and market, and many there were more than the market price of the old silver dollar rise, some of these special version, good appearance, only rare treasures, is immeasurable.
Jiahe ", Meihe, thriving wo, large wo, auspicious Wo also. Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty said: "Wo, Jia Gu also. In February and the seed, in August to mature, when the time, so that Wo." Wang Chong "on the balance · Rui chapter" cloud: "Jiahe was born in He, and he in the different ear, that Jiahe." The ancients to "Jiahe" for auspicious things, and Gan Lu Li Quan said. For example, Ban Gu's Book of the Han Dynasty, Gongsun Hong Biography, said: "When the dew falls, the wind and rain, Jiahe xing. That is, the growth of particularly strong rice, the ancients regard Jiahe pattern as a symbol of good luck.
Silver coin pressure: Since the qing dynasty republic of China, use the imported version machine, pressure up to 50 tons, the technology until the end of the republic of China, also not be transcended, so domestic imitation silver to design more blurred, internal tooth is linked together, and teeth, so a lot of professional coin collectors, a look at the coin, pressure is not enough, is a disguised form of replicas, genuine silver COINS, the pattern is clear, both side of tooth, Or within time, very neat, and there will not be connected, and teeth, the tooth length is consistent, uniform, there will be no length is differ, there will be no edge of helical, or teeth marks very shallow, because imitation coin is made of a small device, around silver edge, roll in a circle, we call the roll teeth, Yin and Yang are a lot of teeth after special gear is rolled out, A circle of roll marks is formed on the edge of the coin, so the first thing we look at the coin is to see whether its pressure is enough, whether the lines are clear, without defects and excess traces.
Coin collecting has always been to pay attention to: hide 'unique' eight years big head big head series is the yuan yuan a 'no' in the very high collection value, and the second coin emphasis is to see appearance, this coin, patina natural, whole is neat, clear font, beautifully designed, cutting without any deficiency, deformation, quality perfect, the silver together has a very high collection value.
朱砂钱
有的时候我们在市场上淘货,会遇到摊主说,你看我这有一枚钱是老朱砂的。那么钱币上为什么会出现老朱砂呢?
朱砂钱
喜欢看历史小说的朋友可能都会知道,古代朱砂会被道士拿来炼丹或是作法用,在民间呢,朱砂其实是辟邪的纯阳之物,古代新婚大喜的时候,会用朱砂染过的铜钱压箱底儿,用来做喜钱,寓意平安有钱,过年的时候呢,老人给小孩子发压岁钱,朱砂钱也会出现,即祈求小孩健康成长之用。
朱砂康熙通宝
在市场上,如果你细心观察,便会发现这些钱制作精美,包浆浑厚,这是因为古人往往会在身上佩戴朱砂钱,或是放于床边,既希望起到辟邪免灾之用。
朱砂山鬼花钱
现市场有专门收集朱砂类古钱币,价格均高于同类别,古钱币大多都是祖传下来的,快去找找看,你家里有没有这样的朱砂古钱币?